TECHNOCRACY AND ITS INTRODUCTION IN SPAIN

The word "technocracy" describes very diverse realities; that technocracy has a unified ideology is a myth: there are many left-wing and right-wing technocracies. The first technocrat was Saint-Simon, a utopian socialist; at that time, technocracy was associated with progressive ideas. Today, technocrats are more closely associated with the institutional system, the status quo, and large international organizations. There is an evolution from socialism to liberal technocracy, passing through social democracy. If the nineteenth-century technocrat was linked to the idea of ​​progress and industry, the post-World War II technocrat was more concerned with the end of ideologies, with the convergence of ideologies, between capitalism and communism. Due to the constraints of industrial society, technocracy alluded to a mixed economy. In Spain, technocracy experienced a great boom under Franco's developmentalism. This work aims to systematize the existing literature on the paths technocratic thought has followed to penetrate the doctrine and political achievements of our country. The first chapters address the fundamental milestones (tradition of promotion, Ramiro de Maeztu, the Dictatorship, the interwar period) of the Spanish version of technocracy. Later, we address the technocratic reality in France, the country where this doctrine will find its best exponents. In the following chapters, we investigate how it was received in Spain by politicians and intellectuals, especially the Falangist-inspired movement opposed to technocracy. The doctrine lost ground after 1973, when López Rodó left his post as Minister Commissioner of the Development Plan. Finally, we analyze the evolution of technocracy, now in a democracy, to the present day.